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KMID : 1040320230300020084
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Pediatric Infection & Vaccine
2023 Volume.30 No. 2 p.84 ~ p.90
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Clinical Presentation and Prognosis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Infants Aged ≤90 Days: Insights for Management During Outbreaks
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Moon Hye-Jeong
Han Mi-Seon
Kim Kyung-Min
Oh Kyung-Jin
Chang Ju-Young
Lee Seong-Yong
Choi Ji-Eun
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Abstract
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Purpose: Infants aged ≤90 days with fever are susceptible to severe infections. This study aimed to analyze the clinical features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in this particular age group.
Methods: Infants aged ≤90 days who were diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and hospitalized between March 1, 2020, and May 1, 2022 were included. Medical records of patients were retrospectively reviewed.
Results: A total of 105 infants with COVID-19 were included; 27 (25.7%) neonates aged <28 days, and 48 (45.7%) and 30 (28.6%) infants aged 28?59 days and 60?90 days, respectively.
Five (4.7%) patients remained asymptomatic and 68 (62.8%) were febrile, with a median fever duration of 2 days. The most common symptoms were respiratory including cough (66.6%), nasal stuffiness (51.4%), and rhinorrhea (40.9%). Blood cultures were performed in 10 infants but no organisms were detected. Cultures of bag-collected urine specimens from 8 infants were grown, resulting in positive growth for 2 without pyuria. Nine (8.6%) infants were treated with empirical antibiotics for a median duration of 2.3 days (range, 1?7 days). All 105 infants showed improvement without any complications, and there were no fatal cases.
Conclusions: In this study, most infants aged ≤90 days with COVID-19 presented with mild symptoms and none of those evaluated had documented bacterial co-infection. The favorable prognosis among young infants with SARS-CoV-2 may aid clinicians in tailoring their approach to evaluation and management during outbreaks.
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KEYWORD
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COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Neonatal sepsis, Co-infection, Bacterial infections
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